• Sudo killall VDCAssistant;sudo killall AppleCameraAssistant. Type your admin password to authenticate, and then try to use your webcam again. MacOS should relaunch any processes your webcam relies on to function. If you don’t feel comfortable using Terminal, just restart your Mac instead of running the above command. Restart Your Mac.
• That's not to say that a bunch of non-file things can be found in the file system. For example, everything under '/dev' is actually a device. I believe that 'bpf' refers to 'Berkeley Packet Filter', those devices allow you to monitor traffic on network interfaces (assuming you have permission to read those devices).

Terminal User Guide

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You must be an administrator or root user, also called superuser, to execute many of the commands used to manage a server.

For example, if you’re not an administrator or a root user, entering the shutdown command gives you an error:

View Anywhere 764 on Mac catalina.docx from COMPUTER N111 at Open University Malaysia. Environment: MacOS Catalina 10.15.x Download Anywhere 764 from Passport Advantage 1) Install JDK if not already. Due to recent Mac catalina update, by default terminal uses zsh. Zsh does not use.bashprofile. It uses /.zshrc file. Open up this file and add source /.bashprofile. Restart Terminal and it should work. Make sure your /.bashprofile file does not have source /.bashprofile line.

This is because the shutdown command can be run only by the root user or by an administrator user with root user privileges.

To run commands with superuser privileges, use the sudo command. sudo stands for superuser do.

The following example works on computers with macOS installed, so don’t run it unless you want to restart your computer:

You’re asked for the password of the current user.

Only administrator users can use sudo. If you’re not logged in as an administrator, you can do so by entering the following command, where adminUsername is the name of an administrator user:

You’re asked to enter the password for adminUsername, after which a new shell is opened for that user.

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If a command requires it, you can use su to switch to the root user. Under normal circumstances, you shouldn’t log in as the root user.

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Important: If you use su to log in as the root user, be especially careful, because you have sufficient privileges to make changes that can cause your computer to stop working.

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